Prague, the Czech Republic

Prague is the capital of the Czech Republic. It's a city with a past that is rich in culture and history. Located in the center of Europe, it developed as a major trade and transportation center. During World War II, the city was not hit by any massive air raids, so a mix of architectural styles from different eras still remain in the city, including the Charles Bridge and Prague Castle. Some consider it a "museum of architecture." Prague's Old Town is a World Heritage Site.

Transcript

00:04

Ah, that blue sky is so pleasing!

00:09

Located in the center of Europe, Prague is the capital of the Czech Republic.

00:18

That's the Charles Bridge, Prague's most famous landmark.

00:22

This bridge has supported people coming and going for as long as 600 years.

00:30

Look at all those towers in all shapes and sizes!

00:37

Prague was once the capital of the Holy Roman Empire and Prague Castle was the seat of the Holy Roman Emperors.

00:45

It's now the official office of the president of the Czech Republic.

00:50

Prague's Old Town is a World Heritage Site.

00:53

There're so many different styles of architecture here, it's almost a "museum of architecture."

01:00

I'm off to explore the town!

01:04

Ahh, a streetcar!

01:06

No, no, that kind is called a tram.

01:09

What style!

01:17

It is 8:30 in the morning.

01:19

The city is much quieter than I had expected.

01:24

Let me check the map...

01:25

I rode the cable car down the hill from the observatory, and now I'm here.

01:30

First I'd like to walk along this side of the Vltava River.

01:39

Ah, a tram gliding through "Old Town" is unexpectedly picturesque.

01:49

Ah, the tram's stopped!

01:51

People are getting off.

01:53

It seems they're on their way to work.

01:58

Good morning.

02:07

Look at all the cars following the tram.

02:17

Is that a clock tower up ahead?

02:24

Interestingly, even though there is a clock on that high tower where everyone can see it, there is another clock by the side of the road.

02:32

You'd think one would be enough.

02:37

Well, I won't dwell on it.

02:42

Eh, there's a road down this way...

02:53

Look up there...

02:53

it seems to be a woman with a stroller on the sidewalk up there.

02:57

This must be a residential area.

03:02

Ah there's a man doing something...

03:09

I wonder what he's doing.

03:18

He's writing something on a board.

03:25

Hello.

03:27

Excuse me.

03:28

May I ask what you're doing?

03:31

Wait, just a minute.

03:33

What?

03:34

I was just wondering what you're writing.

03:37

Daily special.
Soup and main dish.

03:41

This is a restaurant?

03:42

No. This is a butcher shop.

03:45

I see.

03:46

You sell meat as well as serving meals?

03:51

Look inside. We sell meat there.
And cook it in the back.

04:00

Please come in.

04:02

Thank you.

04:08

Oh, look at all the meat!

04:12

We have raw meat and sausages.
And processed meat.

04:20

This is "drowned man."

04:23

What?

04:26

- "Drowned man."
- Drowned man!

04:28

It's sausage.

04:30

What do you mean?

04:32

It's pickled sausage.

04:35

Ah, pickled sausage.

04:38

It's a specialty of Prague.

04:40

The name is a bit disconcerting.

04:42

They're drowning in water, right?

04:46

I guess you could say that.

04:49

This must be Czech black humor?

04:54

Oh, there's a customer here.

04:57

And he's eating sausages!

05:00

Hello. Looks delicious.

05:04

It's good.

05:06

That is an appetizing morning meat dish!

05:09

Are you a regular?

05:12

I come here a lot.

05:14

I come more often for
lunch and dinner.

05:17

You seem to like this place.

05:20

The food's delicious!

05:25

People in the neighborhood
come every day.

05:29

They eat breakfast and buy products.

05:32

Do you all know each other?

05:35

Of course, we all support each other.

05:41

You support each other?

05:44

This district is in the middle of the city,
but it's like a small village.

05:50

You can get anything
you need in this neighborhood.

05:58

So this shop is really an important place for everyone.

06:02

Now I have to finish
writing the menu.

06:06

Oh, I apologize for holding you up!

06:15

So, what's on today's menu?

06:24

Thanks for your time.

06:26

Have a nice day.

06:32

Ah, a butcher popular with the neighbors!

06:36

The shop should be bustling with regulars soon.

06:47

This city is so beautiful!

06:52

And the buildings lining the streets ooze atmosphere promoting the city's history.

07:01

Look at that building across the street, there's a red lion crest on it.

07:12

And next door...

07:15

That's a crawfish above the entrance.

07:22

And next to it...

07:23

That looks like a swan!

07:33

And over there, a deer.

07:35

All the animals. I wonder why?

07:41

They seem to be curious also.

07:44

Oh, someone just came out.

07:48

Excuse me.

07:49

Good morning.

07:53

I'd like to ask about the sign above the entrance.

07:59

Well let's see...

08:01

It's a sign board of the building.

08:05

They are house signs
and used to designate landmarks before the buildings had addresses.

08:11

They were used
until the early 18th century by people who couldn't read.

08:20

For people who couldn't read?

08:22

Yes, there were people
who couldn't read.

08:26

Over there is "Red Lion,"
and there are "Two Suns."

08:30

They indicated places with pictures.

08:33

The "little green deer" is here.

08:38

Hmm, I wonder if they delivered letters and postcards to these "addresses?"

08:46

Very interesting! Thank you so much.

08:50

You're welcome. See you.

08:55

How fabulous that the house signs that were used during the 18th century have not been destroyed.

09:07

So, that building would be called the "star house."

09:17

There are more people walking around town now.

09:30

The sunshine lighting up the corridor is quite beautiful.

09:39

What a great family, they're all holding hands.

09:50

Ah, the bus up there, it's just driving through that building.

09:53

It can barely fit through the tunnel!

10:04

Oh, there are three tunnels!

10:08

The left one has rails, so it must be for the tram.

10:17

But it looks as though that hole was forcibly created.

10:32

Excuse me.

10:35

The tunnel in the building behind you...

10:37

Was it created after the building was built?

10:40

Yes.

10:41

I work nearby. And I have
often wondered about that.

10:47

The tunnel was created around 1923
when the tram line was opened.

10:53

The building was allowed to remain
because it's on the border of the city.

11:01

That's all I know.

11:05

That's good enough for me.

11:07

Thank you very much!

11:11

I think I understand.

11:14

The tunnel was built when the tram line opened.

11:19

And the residents figured out a way to retain the old buildings.

11:26

The tunnel on the right must be for pedestrians.

11:35

The beautiful construction of this tunnel indicates that it must have been built at the same time as the building.

11:49

And beyond the tunnel...

11:52

There's a tram waiting.

11:58

Interesting!

12:05

There is only one tram tunnel so the incoming tram and outgoing tram pass through the tunnel alternately.

12:15

Retaining the old building is very important to this city.

12:31

The street on the tram line leads me to a bridge.

12:37

To my right is the symbol of the city, Charles Bridge.

12:42

How beautiful the silhouette looks.

12:51

So, what's on the left?

12:54

Ah, across the river, there is a hill.

13:03

Huh? What's that on top of the hill?

13:07

A red, needle-like sharp looking thing, pointing up at the sky.

13:11

I wonder what it is?

13:17

I'd like to check that out later.

13:23

But first I'll cross the bridge.

13:34

And now I'm on one road in from the riverbank.

13:44

Huh...? That guy up there is carrying something.

13:57

I wonder what it is?

14:04

And look, he just left.

14:11

Check out this show window...

14:14

Hmm, what are these?

14:22

And now he's back!

14:23

This looks like glass.

14:27

So this must also be glass.

14:36

Oh.

14:37

- Hello.
- Is this a glass shop?

14:41

This is a repair workshop.

14:43

Why don't you come inside and see.
As the wind is strong.

14:48

Ah, yes, it is a bit strong. Thank you.

14:54

So what kind of repairs do you do here?

14:58

- We make and repair stained glass.
- Stained glass!

15:06

Yes, I've seen them in church windows and I've always wondered how they were made.

15:15

We use the simple technique
they used a thousand years ago.

15:20

So, it hasn't changed for a thousand years!

15:23

A sketch is traced on the glass
and then it's cut.

15:29

I see.

15:30

A lead frame is put around the glass
to make the picture.

15:35

High purity lead is very soft.

15:41

That's how you can fit the various shapes of glass together.

15:46

Please come here.

15:48

I'm working on a very old piece now.

15:51

It's a very nice piece.

15:53

This piece may have been
normal for the time.

15:58

Is that the piece in front of you?

16:02

It's so beautiful. You don't come
across these very often.

16:09

Is that a valuable antique?

16:13

This was found at Kladruby Monastery.

16:18

The most beautiful
I've ever worked with.

16:23

It's so delicate and beautiful.

16:26

It's an antique stained glass piece so I'm repairing it
with the guidance of experts.

16:38

I see.

16:40

It's very exciting!

16:42

You seem to really love your job!

16:44

Absolutely.

16:46

I was about to say that.

16:52

This kind of handiwork is
so beautiful.

17:00

It is!

17:01

These custom made crafts
are so fascinating because they've been used for years.

17:12

We are a part of history.

17:17

The pieces we work on
were created in the 14th century.

17:25

Our job is to pass the beauty created
by the people of that era to the next generation.

17:33

I'm responsible for amazing work that transcends generations.

17:44

It's so fascinating!

17:46

Absolutely.

17:47

Thank you for an amazing conversation!

17:50

Thank you.

17:52

Good-bye.

17:53

See you.

18:07

It seems that these gorgeous antique stained-glass pieces have been kept beautiful by generation after generation of craftsmen.

18:23

Prague is such a fascinating city!

18:41

I am the Emperor Rudolf II of the Holy Roman Empire, who ruled Prague in the 16th century.

18:47

I'd like to share the history of my city with you.

18:52

Located in the center of Europe, Prague developed as a major trade and transportation center.

19:00

Innovative technologies and new information were brought to the city and the first university in the Empire was established.

19:08

The best civil engineering techniques of the time were used to build the Charles Bridge in 1402.

19:14

Prague was a city that was at the forefront of its day.

19:18

The Astronomical Clock in Old Town Square was built in 1490 according to science of astronomy.

19:24

At a glance, you can see both the location of the sun and the moon at the same time.

19:30

It was created utilizing Ptolemaic theory, so the mechanism is quite complicated.

19:36

To be honest, I don't really understand it myself.

19:41

Fortunately, Prague wasn't hit by any massive air raids during World War II, so several architectural styles from different eras remain standing in the city.

19:52

That's why Prague is known as a "museum of architecture."

20:00

As Prague is located in the center of Europe, it was highly influenced by surrounding nations.

20:07

There were also times when it was also under the domination of other countries.

20:14

The residents faced great hardship during its period of socialism, under the Soviet Union.

20:22

In 1968, the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact troops in an invasion of Czechoslovakia to crack down on reformist trends in Prague.

20:34

Prague is a city with a past that is rich in culture and history.

20:39

Please walk through this city and discover these vestiges of antiquity.

20:47

It's now 10:00 AM.

20:50

Now, I'm in an area where I can see a lot of tall buildings.

20:57

Well, I visited a butcher shop that serves meals, walked through the building with three tunnels, crossed the bridge and was invited into a stained-glass repair studio...

21:09

And now I'm here!

21:13

It seems that I'm in the center of Old Town.

21:23

The building with the brown roof up there doesn't fit in with the surrounding buildings.

21:29

The walls are painted a bland color and there are only a few windows.

21:36

I wonder where the entrance is.

21:44

There's a group of people here.

21:49

I think I'll ask those two men about the building.

21:55

Excuse me. Do you mind if I ask you something?

21:59

Please do.

22:00

What is this place?

22:02

This is Jewish synagogue.

22:06

A Synagogue.

22:10

This is a Jewish house of
worship. I pray here.

22:16

Built in the 13th century, it's the
oldest synagogue in the Czech Republic.

22:23

Wow, that's quite a history!

22:25

There have been Jews in Prague
since the 10th century.

22:30

Some kings tolerated the Jews.

22:33

Some kings expelled them.

22:39

Most of the Jews who lived in Prague were killed during the Nazi era.

22:49

And the survivors were
expelled by the communists.

22:52

That's the history.

22:54

And yet, people still
come here to pray.

23:02

You certainly have survived incredible hardships.

23:06

Yes.

23:07

- Would you like to go inside?
- Are you sure it's all right?

23:11

Sure.

23:12

Thank you.

23:17

That's a sturdy looking door.

23:23

Oh my!

23:34

It is a very quiet place.

23:41

The solemn atmosphere...

23:43

Definitely a place for prayer.

23:49

The synagogue has perfectly retained
the appearance of the Gothic era.

23:56

Just look at that spreading Gothic arch.

24:01

Each arch has five ribs not four, so there is no resemblance to a cross.

24:12

Ahh, it retained the original style.

24:18

A place where people facing hardships and pain can pray.

24:23

It must be an indispensable place for so many generations...

24:27

Let me show you
something interesting.

24:33

Something interesting?

24:34

The clock runs counter-clockwise.

24:37

What do you mean?

24:38

Come this way.

24:40

I feel like I'm going into a strange world.

24:47

Oh, is it outside?

24:53

I don't remember seeing a clock here....

25:02

That's a Baroque clock over there.

25:07

Above that is a normal clock.

25:13

The clock below is
written in Hebrew.

25:23

Those numerals are written in Hebrew.

25:26

Hebrew is coined as counter-clockwise.

25:31

Because it is read from right to left.

25:37

So the craftsman built it
to run counter-clockwise.

25:47

Ah, the craftsman had a sense of humor!

25:52

Counter-clockwise vs clockwise.

25:56

How daring of the clockmaker.

25:58

Yes, very unique!

26:03

Ah, let's see if I can tell the time.

26:10

It's now 10:55.

26:15

I guess in a counterclockwise clock the little hand should be on the right side.

26:22

It might not be the correct time.

26:26

You may be right.

26:28

- We should report it.
- It's now 10:55, right?

26:35

Ah, I'm sorry.

26:38

Did I say the wrong thing?

26:41

Good-bye.

26:43

Thank you for your time!

26:50

Jewish people have had to suffer through many occasions of persecution.

26:55

I wonder if the clockmaker was hoping to change something by reversing the way time moves.

27:17

Here I am in the famous Old Town Square.

27:24

The buildings of the different eras continue to line the streets.

27:29

It is truly a "Museum of Architecture."

27:40

The church bells that mark the time have been ringing for hundreds of years.

27:59

Just look at the relief sculpture on the walls of that church.

28:03

Just spectacular!

28:20

Oh, that wall looks strange.

28:23

Inside the white wall there, are arches.

28:30

I think I'll ask.

28:33

Excuse me, may I ask you something?

28:36

Sure.

28:40

Would you tell me about that arch in the wall over there?

28:44

This is a remnant of Gothic style arch.

28:49

This is a historic district.
It was built during the 13th century.

28:55

It was discovered
when the building was repaired.

29:04

Was it revealed when they scraped the wall?

29:08

Yes, that's part of
the original building.

29:11

That's interesting.

29:14

There are various styles of building.
Gothic-style, modern style.

29:20

It's like a museum...

29:22

Every time the buildings
in Old Town suffer fire damage, they are reconstructed
in the style of that era.

29:32

The evolution of the styles
are a reminder of the city's history.

29:37

I see.

29:39

Thank you for your time!

29:40

See you.

29:44

So as time passes, the city adopts and incorporates the culture of each era.

29:52

There is so much history packed into each and every building.

30:09

It's 1:10 now.

30:11

There sure are a lot of clocks in this city.

30:14

They may be useful, but I wonder why so many?

30:24

That's a sturdy looking fence around the park next to the tower.

30:31

Look at all the people with dogs inside.

30:39

Is this a place where people come to hang with their dogs?

30:43

I think I'll say hi!

30:45

Hello.

30:47

Hello.

30:48

Do you come here often?

30:50

We all walk our dog here.

30:52

Do a lot of people come here?

30:54

With their dogs.

30:56

Is it all right if I come in without a dog?

30:59

Sure.

31:02

I'm glad to hear that.

31:04

Come in.

31:05

Thank you.

31:11

The dog on the right is a Japanese dog.

31:15

It's a Shiba Inu.

31:19

Shibas are fascinating dogs.

31:22

And can be stubborn.
She does what she wants.

31:27

It's a sense of self pride
that is not a trait shared by humans.

31:33

She is such a cute dog!

31:36

Thank you.

31:40

By the way, I was just wondering why are there so many clocks on the streets of Prague.

31:46

There's one right behind you.

31:48

That's an interesting question.

31:52

I think people are
too obsessed with time.

31:56

But it's difficult to comprehend
what time is by watching a clock.

32:02

What?

32:03

If you live your life only
by the clock, you can waste time.

32:11

I feel differently.
I don't reject clocks.

32:16

Tourists enjoy our beautiful clocks.
I am proud they are a part of Prague.

32:21

I'm not denigrating the clocks.

32:26

They're great decorations.

32:29

Sorry to ask such a strange question...

32:32

Thank you so much!

32:33

Enjoy your day.

32:41

I didn't get an answer to my question as to why there are so many clocks here, but I was treated to a philosophical discussion.

33:02

Hello! I'm Maya Vackar.

33:05

I'm eleven years old.

33:08

And I'm here to introduce you to three desserts that are Prague favorites.

33:14

In third place is...

33:17

Trdelnik!

33:21

It's made of flour, with sugar and walnuts added.

33:25

You loop the dough around baking utensils.

33:31

Then rotate it and bake well.

33:37

It's very simple, but if you eat it right after it's been baked, it is so good!

33:47

There are so many different variations to enjoy.

33:50

You can put fruit paste inside or soft cream on top.

33:57

I recommend the version baked with chocolate.

34:01

So good!

34:06

There are a lot of shops in the city...

34:10

...that display this sign.

34:14

My second-place choice is...

34:18

Ovocne Knedliky!

34:22

Dumplings are filled with fruit such as strawberries and apricots.

34:27

And it's served hot.

34:33

To make the dough, mix flour, eggs, milk and cottage cheese.

34:42

Strawberries and apricots are popular fillings.

34:45

The first president of Czechoslovakia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire royals loved this.

34:54

Boil the dumplings about 10 minutes until they are nice and chewy.

35:02

And then right before serving, top with melted butter.

35:08

Enjoy it while hot!

35:16

It would be a great main dish!

35:21

And so, in first place is...

35:26

Makovy zavin!

35:30

This poppy seed roll is an iconic Czech dessert.

35:36

Czech poppy seeds have a bluish tinge.

35:39

They have been grown here for over 1000 years.

35:46

Cook the ground up poppy seeds and then spread the mixture on pie dough.

35:55

Adding plums brings out the flavor of the poppy seeds.

36:02

Roll it up and then bake it in the oven.

36:10

The Czech people really love poppy seeds and this pastry has been enjoyed here for over 1000 years.

36:20

Although this poppy seed roll is normally made at home, it can now also be bought in pastry shops.

36:28

When you visit Prague be sure you take time to enjoy our traditional desserts.

36:33

Bye!

36:39

It's 2:30 in the afternoon.

36:41

I'm now at a large square.

36:45

Let me see...

36:47

I saw that counter-clockwise clock near the synagogue, saw the building with the old arches in the wall,

36:56

then I chatted with the dog people, and now I'm here.

37:04

There's a huge building up ahead.

37:12

It's really big!

37:14

I wonder what it is.

37:23

It's facing a huge square so it must be an important building.

37:38

What's that on the sidewalk?

37:41

What is it?

37:43

It looks like a cross.

37:50

Hello, excuse me.

37:51

May I ask you something?

37:53

- Sure.
- What is this?

37:55

This is where Jan Palach
committed self-immolation.

38:03

Why did he set himself on fire?

38:06

He did it in protest of the invasion
by the Soviet Union in 1968.

38:14

What happened to him?

38:18

He died three days after
he set himself on fire.

38:22

This monument is
in memory of Palach who sacrificed himself for freedom.

38:32

He sacrificed himself for freedom...

38:37

Sadly, these days
he has been forgotten.

38:43

It is important to communicate
Palach's story of sacrifice to our younger generation.

38:49

I'm on my way to the national
museum with my son.

38:54

The museum was shelled by tanks.

39:00

But Jan Palach protested
without weapons.

39:05

Thank you very much.

39:08

I think I have conveyed the truth.

39:17

The people of Prague carved a monument into the ground that represented the hardships they faced.

39:28

I can feel their desire to never forget this incident.

39:43

Huh? What's that?

39:47

The building on the left, I can see a doll.

39:51

I wonder what it is.

39:59

Hello. Excuse me.

40:02

What is this place?

40:05

What do you think it is?

40:07

Eh, a toy shop?

40:09

- Are you serious?
- Or nursery?

40:12

No, it's not.
Would you like to come in?

40:16

- We're in the middle of rehearsal.
- Rehearsal?

40:21

I still don't get it.

40:31

Oh, it's in the basement.

40:34

Don't be scared.

40:41

It's more like a hobby.

40:44

Is this a theater?

40:46

I wonder...

40:52

Where from, director?

40:54

- Did you rehearse each part?
- Yes, but let's do it again.

41:00

Okay. Let's do it for each.

41:04

- No, we should run through.
- That's okay.

41:10

Let's go after three.

41:14

How interesting this is!

41:17

He must be the director of this puppet theater.

41:22

Go with Goliath.

41:26

Counting from...

41:28

One, two, three.

41:31

Oh, they all stood up.

41:37

The men in the center are carrying swords.

41:41

I wonder what this story is about?

41:50

Sorry to interrupt, but I'd like to ask about this puppet theater.

41:55

This is a classic puppet theater.

41:59

The theater was built in 1928.

42:01

And we have been performing
puppet shows from that time.

42:05

We're using techniques
from the Baroque era, preserving them for posterity.

42:13

Some of us have been working
in this way for decades.

42:22

We are rehearsing "Faust" now.

42:25

I'm trying to recall
elements of the performance.

42:30

Ah, the tradition of the puppet show...

42:34

I am curious, are today's children interested in watching puppet shows?

42:39

Our theater has been
going for 100 years.

42:42

Our job is to preserve the traditions.

42:45

The hope is that it'll continue
for 100 more, preserving puppet theater.

42:56

What do you mean, preserving the Puppet theater?

43:00

Looking back at history, puppet shows can be
compared to today's TV

43:06

as it played a large role in the culture.

43:12

We don't want to lose
our cultural heritage.

43:17

Our hope is that puppet shows will be
recognized as part of popular media.

43:25

Interesting.

43:27

It seems that there are some things that are best presented though the puppet theater.

43:34

Good-bye.

43:37

- See you again.
- Thank you!

43:45

Ah, so this puppet theater has been performing shows for almost 100 years, presenting history as it happens.

43:55

And the stories the tell conveys things that cannot be presented in any other way.

44:10

It's 3:30 now.

44:12

And I'm back at the river.

44:20

The buildings of Old Town look so beautiful in the glow of the sunset.

44:29

This cityscape still exists because Prague did not suffer the devastation caused by destructive air raids during WWII.

44:46

Before the sun sets, I'd like to go and check out the red, needle-like projection on the top of the hill that I saw this morning.

45:00

Ah, there it is!

45:09

What is this?

45:20

It's moving very slowly from left to right.

45:30

I guess I should ask someone.

45:38

Excuse me.

45:40

What's that red needle-like thing up there?

45:44

You're so lucky.
I'm an official Prague city guide.

45:51

That's a metronome that was created
after the revolution in 1989.

45:57

Before then, a monument of Stalin that
had been erected in 1956 was there.

46:05

It was quite large.

46:07

After his death,
they tried to smash it up but it was so well constructed
that only his beard dropped off.

46:17

The metronome was chosen to
symbolize the passage of time.

46:23

No matter what kind of government
is in charge, time keeps flowing.

46:31

In 1990, our first independent radio station
began broadcasting from here.

46:37

So this is a very important place for us.

46:42

It seems that the meaning of this metronome is even when the situation is difficult, time flows and good times will come again.

46:55

With the passage of time, some things disappear
and some things are repeated.

47:01

Sometimes we want things to disappear.

47:05

But if things are "disappeared," we don't learn from them,
and history repeats itself.

47:14

Yes, that is definitely true.

47:19

Thank you for your time.

47:39

So, that metronome represents the passage of time.

47:44

And look at all the people who come here to pass time while they sit and enjoy the sunset.

47:55

And as the clocks in Prague keep ticking, history is being made.

47:59

The residents are treasuring their accumulated memories as well as facing the future with anticipation.

48:14

May Prague live on forever!